Networking Basics

Netmask (n 1s, the rest 0s)

Network address (all host bits are 0s)

Broadcast address (all host bits are 1s)

Address range for hosts on subnet (Network address + 1 to Broadcast address - 1)

Number of hosts in network (2^h - 2)

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IP address: 192.168.122.58/24 

Netmask: 255.255.255.0

Network: 192.168.122.0

Broadcast: 192.168.122.255

Range: 192.168.122.1 - 192.168.122.255

Number of hosts: 2^(32-24) - 2 = 254

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IP address: 172.168.181.23/19

1010 1100 . 1010 1000 . 1011 0101 . 0001 0111
1010 1100 . 1010 1000 . 101                     19 first bits

Netmask (n 1s, the rest 0s)

1111 1111 . 1111 1111 . 1110 0000 . 0000 0000   255.255.224.0

Network address	(all host bits are 0s)

1010 1100 . 1010 1000 . 1010 0000 . 0000 0000   172.168.160.0

Broadcast address (all host bits are 1s)

1010 1100 . 1010 1000 . 1011 1111 . 1111 1111   172.168.191.255

Address range for hosts on subnet (Network address + 1 to Broadcast address - 1)

172.168.160.1 - 172.168.191.254

Number of hosts in network (2^h - 2)

2^(32-19) - 2 = 2^13 - 2 = 8190

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IP address: 192.168.1.100/25

1100 0000 . 1010 1000 . 0000 0001 . 0110 0100
1100 0000 . 1010 1000 . 0000 0001 . 0           25 first bit

Netmask (n 1s, the rest 0s)

1111 1111 . 1111 1111 . 1111 1111 . 1000 0000   255.255.255.128

Network address	(all host bits are 0s)

1100 0000 . 1010 1000 . 0000 0001 . 0000 0000   192.168.1.0

Broadcast address (all host bits are 1s)

1100 0000 . 1010 1000 . 0000 0001 . 0111 1111   192.168.1.127

Address range for hosts on subnet (Network address + 1 to Broadcast address - 1)

192.168.1.1 - 192.168.1.126

Number of hosts in network (2^h - 2)

2^(32-25) - 2 = 2^7 - 2 = 126

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IP addresses 172.16.5.34/26

1010 1100 . 0001 0000 . 0000 0101 . 0010 0010
1010 1100 . 0001 0000 . 0000 0101 . 00          26 first bits

Netmask (n 1s, the rest 0s)

1111 1111 . 1111 1111 . 1111 1111 . 1100 0000   255.255.255.192

Network address	(all host bits are 0s)

1010 1100 . 0001 0000 . 0000 0101 . 0000 0000   172.16.5.0

Broadcast address (all host bits are 1s)

1010 1100 . 0001 0000 . 0000 0101 . 0011 1111   172.16.5.63

Address range for hosts on subnet (Network address + 1 to Broadcast address - 1)

172.16.5.1 - 172.16.5.62

Number of hosts in network (2^h - 2)

2^(32-26) - 2 = 2^6 - 2 = 62